online since 1994 https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/ 2026-04-15T02:15:34+00:00 https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/ https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/_media/wiki/logo.png text/html 2023-02-22T22:37:31+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/dedicated_or_virtual_server?rev=1677105451&do=diff A dedicated server or a virtual server These are my notes on choosing between Hetzner's Dedicated Server EQ 4 and Virtual Private Server VQ 19. This was written in 2011 so this may not reflect the current similarities and differences between the two server types. text/html 2024-07-14T19:56:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_cx_32?rev=1720986985&do=diff Server benchmark 2024: Hetzner CX32 Cloud Server * 2024 * 4 vCPU Intel * 8 GB RAM * 80 GB * 20 TB Traffic * 7.81 €/mo * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Ubuntu 24.04 64 bit * Tests run 2024-07-12 Full test ======================================================================== BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3) System: *********: GNU/Linux OS: GNU/Linux -- 6.8.0-38-generic -- #38-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri Jun 7 15:25:01 UTC 2024 Machine: x86_64 (x86_64) … text/html 2023-10-25T15:51:44+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_ax_41_2020?rev=1698249104&do=diff Server benchmark 2020: Hetzner AX41 Dedicated Server 2020 * 2020 * AMD Ryzen 5 3600 Hexa-Core Simultaneous Multithreading * 64 GB DDR4 RAM * 2 x 2 TB SATA Enterprise HDD (software-RAID 1) * Connection 1 Gbit/s-Port * Guaranteed Bandwidth 1 GBit/s text/html 2023-10-25T15:44:16+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_ex_40?rev=1698248656&do=diff Server benchmark 2014: Hetzner EX 40 Dedicated Server * 2014 * Intel® Core™ i7-4770 Quadcore Haswell incl. Hyper-Threading Technology * 32 GB DDR3 RAM * Hard Drives 2 x 2 TB SATA 6 Gb/s 7200 rpm (Software-RAID 1) Class Enterprise * Connection 1 Gbit/s-Port text/html 2023-10-25T15:44:05+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_ex_40_ssd?rev=1698248645&do=diff Server benchmark 2013: Hetzner EX 40 SSD Dedicated Server * 2013 * Intel® Core™ i7-4770 Quadcore Haswell incl. Hyper-Threading Technology * 32 GB DDR3 RAM * Hard Drives 2 x 240 GB SATA 6 Gb/s SSD (Software-RAID 1) * Connection 1 Gbit/s-Port text/html 2023-10-25T15:42:35+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_cpx_21_2020?rev=1698248555&do=diff Server benchmark 2020: Hetzner CPX21 Cloud Server * 2020 * 3 vCPU * 4 GB RAM * 80 GB Local NVMe SSD * 20 TB Traffic * 0.014 €/h * 8.56 €/mo * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 10.4 64 bit * Tests run 2020-05-27 Full test ======================================================================== BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3) System: ******: GNU/Linux OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.19.0-8-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.19.98-1+deb10u1 (2020-04-27) Machine: x86_64 (unknown)… text/html 2023-10-25T16:21:32+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_ax_41_2023?rev=1698250892&do=diff Server benchmark 2023: Hetzner AX41 Dedicated Server * 2023 * AMD Ryzen 5 3600 Hexa-Core “Matisse” (Zen2) * 64 GB DDR4 RAM * The specification is 2 * 2 TB SATA 6 Gb/s Enterprise HDD; 7200 rpm (Software-RAID 1) * Delivered with 2 * 6 TB SATA 6 Gb/s Enterprise HDD text/html 2023-10-25T15:45:19+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_cax_21?rev=1698248719&do=diff Server benchmark 2023: Hetzner CAX21 Cloud Server * 2023 * 4 vCPU Ampere * 8 GB RAM * 80 GB * 20 TB Traffic * 8.05 €/mo * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 11 64 bit * Tests run 2023-04-29 Full test ======================================================================== BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3) System: *******: GNU/Linux OS: GNU/Linux -- 5.10.0-21-arm64 -- #1 SMP Debian 5.10.162-1 (2023-01-21) Machine: aarch64 (unknown) Language: en_US.utf8 (ch… text/html 2023-10-25T15:43:36+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_ex_42_nvme?rev=1698248616&do=diff Server benchmark 2019: Hetzner EX42-NVMe Dedicated Server * 2019 * Intel® Core™ i7-6700 Quad-Core incl. Hyper-Threading Technology * 64 GB DDR4 RAM * 2 x 512 GB NVMe SSD (software-RAID 1) * Connection 1 Gbit/s-Port * Guaranteed Bandwidth 1 GBit/s text/html 2023-10-25T15:43:47+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_ex_41_ssd?rev=1698248627&do=diff Server benchmark 2018: Hetzner EX41-SSD Dedicated Server * 2018 * Intel® Core™ i7-7700 Quadcore Haswell incl. Hyper-Threading Technology * 32 GB RAM * Hard Drives 2 x 500 GB SSD (Software-RAID 1) * Backup Space 100 GB * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 9 64 bit text/html 2023-10-25T15:42:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_vx_18_vps?rev=1698248528&do=diff Server benchmark 2014: Hetzner VX 18 VPS * 2014 * Hetzner VX 18 VPS * Dual Core * 4 GB RAM * 100 GB HD on some sort of RAID * no backup space * 6 TB traffic/mo * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 7.7 64 bit * Tests run 2014-12-10 UnixBench 5.1.3 ./Run ======================================================================== BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3) System: **********: GNU/Linux OS: GNU/Linux -- 3.2.0-4-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 3.2.63-2+deb7u1 Machin… text/html 2023-10-25T15:45:29+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_cpx_21_2023?rev=1698248729&do=diff Server benchmark 2023: Hetzner CPX21 Cloud Server 2023 * 2023 * 3 vCPU AMD * 4 GB RAM * 80 GB * 20 TB Traffic * 9.36 €/mo * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 11 64 bit * Tests run 2023-04-29 Full test ======================================================================== BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3) System: *******: GNU/Linux OS: GNU/Linux -- 5.10.0-21-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 5.10.162-1 (2023-01-21) Machine: x86_64 (unknown) Language: en_US.utf8 (c… text/html 2023-10-25T15:44:42+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_eq_4?rev=1698248682&do=diff Server benchmark 2011: Hetzner EQ 4 Dedicated Server * 2011 * Hetzner EQ 4 Dedicated Server * i7-920 Quadcore * 8 GB RAM * 750 GB HD RAID1 * 100 GB backup space * 10 TB traffic/mo * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 6.0 64 bit * Tests run 2011-07-26 UnixBench 5.1.2 ./Run dhry2reg whetstone-double syscall pipe context1 spawn execl shell1 shell8 shell16 ======================================================================== BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.2) Syst… text/html 2023-10-25T15:44:29+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_ex_4?rev=1698248669&do=diff Server benchmark 2011: Hetzner EX 4 Dedicated Server * 2011 * Hetzner EQ 4 Dedicated Server * i7-2600 Quadcore * 16 GB RAM * 3 TB SATA 6 Gb/s HDD RAID1 * 100 GB backup space * 10 TB traffic/mo * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 6.0 64 bit * Tests run 2011-10-04 text/html 2023-02-23T23:54:49+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/the_zeus_malware_incident?rev=1677196489&do=diff The ZeuS malware incident This report was written in 2014, latest update 2017-10-22. Summary in Finnish. My Windows 7 desktop computer was hit by ZeuS malware or some variant of it. It wasn't detected by virus scanners and so it lived on the computer at least over a month, maybe much longer. Here is the full story. text/html 2023-10-25T15:45:47+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_cx_21?rev=1698248747&do=diff Server benchmark 2019: Hetzner CX21 Cloud Server * 2019 * 2 vCPU * 4 GB RAM * 40 GB Local NVMe SSD * 20 TB Traffic * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 10.1 64 bit * Tests run 2019-09-22 Full test ======================================================================== BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3) System: *******: GNU/Linux OS: GNU/Linux -- 4.19.0-5-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 4.19.37-5+deb10u2 (2019-08-08) Machine: x86_64 (unknown) Language: en_US.utf8 (ch… text/html 2023-10-25T15:43:26+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_vq_12_vps?rev=1698248606&do=diff Server benchmark 2012: Hetzner VQ 12 VPS * 2012 * Hetzner VQ 12 VPS * Single Core * 1 GB RAM * 40 GB HD on some sort of RAID * no backup space * 2 TB traffic/mo * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 6.0 64 bit * Tests run 2012-01-31 UnixBench 5.1.2 ./Run dhry2reg whetstone-double syscall pipe context1 spawn execl shell1 shell8 shell16 ======================================================================== BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.2) System: ********: GNU/L… text/html 2023-02-23T23:55:10+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/opera_tor_malware?rev=1677196510&do=diff Opera browser wild on opening sockets and listening on port 9050 The strange behavior of Opera browser described in this text happened in 2013 and was caused by ZeuS malware that dynamically injected its code to Opera process. I might be that there was nothing wrong with Opera browser itself. text/html 2023-10-25T15:45:39+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://heikkisiltala.net/wiki/en/information_technology/server_benchmarks/hetzner_cx_11?rev=1698248739&do=diff Server benchmark 2023: Hetzner CX11 Cloud Server * 2023 * 1 vCPU Intel * 2 GB RAM * 20 GB * 20 TB Traffic * 4.70 €/mo * <https://www.hetzner.de/> * Debian 11 64 bit * Tests run 2023-04-29 Full test ======================================================================== BYTE UNIX Benchmarks (Version 5.1.3) System: *******: GNU/Linux OS: GNU/Linux -- 5.10.0-21-amd64 -- #1 SMP Debian 5.10.162-1 (2023-01-21) Machine: x86_64 (unknown) Language: en_US.utf8 (charm…